viernes, 25 de mayo de 2007
Hayuya, mi blog
Así las cosas, luego que me volví desde el Reino Unido luego de un poco mpas de un año de estudios, lo fui dejando olvidado, en en cajón de los recuerdos.
Pero luego que un amigo me hizo ver que aquiroma carecía del sabor de hayuya, y más todavía que aún existía y mucha gente aún lo leía, pues lo he comenzado a revivir, y espero que como una hayuya que permaneció mucho tiempo en el congelador esperando que la sacaran, la descongelaran y la volvieran a calentar, hayuya ha vuelto, en gloria y majestad, más sabrosa que nunca.
Bon apetit, then!
jueves, 17 de mayo de 2007
Aprendiendo de los vecinos
Es un hombre de grandes contactos y conocimientos, y por sobre todo, está metido en actividades altamente interesantes.
Una de las actividades en las que se ha embarcado en estos tiempos es participar en la Asamblea Constituyente de Bolivia, asesorando a un partido político miembro del mismo. Dentro de las cosas que me ha contado ha sido:
- La Asamblea está discutiendo la creación de un congreso unicameral y uninominal;
- Se quiebra la vieja teoría de los 3 poderes del Estado para dar lugar al reconocimiento de un 4° poder: Un consejo popular.
- Se pretende incluir la acción constitucional popular y la acción constitucional popular por omisión.
Es decir, de todo aquello que nosotros los chilenos en algún momento nos preciabamos de tener con la Constitución del 80, todo indica que tras largos 27 años de existencia, y como buen adulto jóven que es, es tiempo de hacerle un fashion emergency, cambiarle el look, hacerla madurar por la fuerza, acomodar sus objetivos luego de los años de educación y desarrollo.
Ya que todo el mundo habla por estos días de ingobernabilidad, desacreditación de los partidos políticos, transantiago (o transhastiado), de la contaminación, de las pymes, del 1% estructural, quizás haya lugar para un nuevo debate, para abrir la discusión, para rescatar las experiencias de los vecinos y aprender de ellos.
Tal como lo hicimos con el flamante Código Procesal Penal, en el cual mezclamos y tomamos todas las cosas buenas de los alemanes, franceses, ingleses, norteamericanos, etc., deberíamos hacer lo mismo con los Bolivianos, los venezolanos, los ecuatorianos, gobiernos que nos están dando una lección de política al embarcarse en proyectos de reforma profunda y potente, que si bien desconozco su desenlace, bien arrojarán luces sobre muchos aspectos de la estructura constitucional a los que corresponde poner atención.
Ver:
Asamblea constituyente de Bolivia: http://www.constituyente.bo/
Asamblea constituyente de Ecuador: http://www.asambleaconstituyente.ec/asamblea/
Asamblea constituyente de Venezuela: http://www.analitica.com/bitblioteca/anc/default.asp
martes, 15 de mayo de 2007
"Sálvese quien pueda", por Pato Navia
La democracia no existe sin partidos políticos. Las tentaciones populistas son inevitables cuando los partidos son débiles. Pero los partidos a menudo alimentan el fuego de su propia destrucción. La poca rendición de cuentas ante la ciudadanía, las facciones y la falta de competencia interna (que dificulta la renovación de liderazgos) le restan legitimidad al sistema. Los partidos desconfían de la participación ciudadana. En vez de rendición de cuentas y transparencia, los partidos privilegian los acuerdos a puertas cerradas. En vez de diálogo y deliberación, los partidos quieren imponer la disciplina como si fueran ejércitos.
Como candidata, Bachelet entendió las demandas ciudadanas por mayor participación y mejor rendición de cuentas. Varias veces señaló que su candidatura había nacido desde la voluntad ciudadana y que los partidos se habían sumado después. Después del fiasco de la primera vuelta Bachelet temporalmente buscó el apoyo de los partidos. Una vez en La Moneda, quiso impulsar reformas participativas ignorando a los partidos. Desde el nombramiento de su gabinete hasta sus iniciativas de reforma electoral y cuotas de género, quiso reformar los partidos desde fuera. El esfuerzo fue predeciblemente inútil. Defendiendo sus propios intereses, los caciques partidistas la abandonaron.
Ya que entonces contaba con altos niveles de aprobación, Bachelet intentó imponer su voluntad al Congreso. Pero después del desastre del Transantiago, su popularidad cayó y Bachelet se quedó sin herramientas para imponer su agenda legislativa. El desorden de estos días es la conclusión de una crónica de un fracaso anunciado. Un gobierno crecientemente impopular provoca una reacción del tipo sálvese quien pueda en los parlamentarios oficialistas. Cuando los partidos no tienen legitimidad ni herramientas para inducir la disciplina, el desorden y la ingobernabilidad son inevitables. Los llamados a la disciplina de la Presidenta solo subrayan su falta de autoridad. Bachelet ya no manda en el barco concertacionista.
Cuando advirtió que "esto no da para más," Soledad Alvear también reconoció la crisis e implícitamente aceptó que su propio futuro político depende del éxito de Bachelet. Ahora, ambas deben sumar fuerzas para fortalecer el sistema de partidos promoviendo mayores instancias de competencia, rendición de cuentas y transparencia. Solo así lograran más disciplina y gobernabilidad.
Ya no se puede imponer disciplina desde La Moneda. Ni Bachelet ni las directivas de los partidos tienen las herramientas para hacerlo. Pero todos, incluidos los parlamentarios díscolos, quieren legitimarse ante la opinión pública. Por eso, el gobierno debe promover medidas que incentiven la transparencia y la rendición de cuentas en los partidos. Hay que exigir primarias obligatorias para todos los partidos que quieran financiamiento estatal. También se deben promover elecciones concurrentes en las internas de todos los partidos, abiertas a todos los simpatizantes para así reducir la influencia de las facciones y los grupos de poder. El gobierno debe introducir reformas que hagan a los partidos más responsables ante los ciudadanos. Además de producir mayor disciplina y ordenar sus filas, el gobierno deberá ayudar a mejorar esta democracia que está dando señales de agotamiento. La mejor forma de evitar que los políticos se sumen a la lógica del sálvese quien pueda es fortaleciendo el barco de la institucionalidad democrática. De lo contrario, además de inútiles, los llamados al orden sólo profundizarán la crisis de gobernabilidad.
La Tercera, mayo 13, 2007
we need to rethink
Así las cosas, tómenese el tiempo para verlo, piensen, re piensen, aprendan y reaprendan, todo lo que se nos enseñó ha cambiado, y nuestros hijos se aprestan a conocer un mundo desde un punto de vista diferente, con una mirada diferente, con un sentido y una extensión de comprensión diferentes.
Que les aproveche.
http://ciudadanoh.blogspot.com/2007/05/web20-we-need-to-rethink.html
viernes, 11 de mayo de 2007
Shaken, not Stirred
Ese mínimo gesto denota el obrar de los ingleses, nada de cosas a medio mezclar, todo arriba de la parrila, bien mezclado, que el trago agarre el sabor de la mezcla y deliete a los sentidos en su máxima expresión.
Pero cuidado, no es que los ingleses sean de aquellos que andan por la vida mezclando todo: son gente reservada, de gratas palabras y afectos cuidados, no dicen no si no "me temo que no", no dicen "mierda, la cagastes" sino que dicen "Oh Dear". En fin, son gentes que cuidan su lengua, su forma de ser, su actitud, sus buenas y malas maneras, y cuando quieren ser brutos, son los primeros de la lista.
Por eso los ingleses son shaken, no stirred, no les vienen con cosas, gozan la vida con intensidad y aprovechan y estrujan cada minuto.
Salud James, gracias a ti el mundo ha conocido la esencia de los ingleses.
viernes, 4 de mayo de 2007
¿Por qué chocamos los vasos o copas?
1. LA TEORIA MAQUIAVELICA:
Según reza el saber popular, en el medioevo se usaba chocar los tachos con suma fuerza para permitir el tránsito de los líquidos de un tacho al otro. Mediante lo anterior los bebedores podían asegurarse que el contenido de sus copas no se encontrara envenenado y así evitaran una muerte segura, o al menos, la compartieran con su compañero de bebida.
2. LA TEORIA SENSITIVA:
Otros afirman que la única finalidad al hacer chocar las copas dice relación con hacer partícipe de la actividad al único de los sentidos que no tendría participación directa en el acto de beber, a saber, el oído. De esta manera, el sabor, el tacto, el olfato, la vista y el oído gozarían todos al unísono del place del beber.
3. LA TEORIA ARRIVISTA:
Una última teoría dice relación con que en alguna época tener copas de cristal era símbolo inequívoco de clase y riqueza. Por lo anterior, es que las gentes al ser invitadas a beber y chocar sus copas podían adecuada y rápidamente distinguir con el solo tintinear de las copas si estas eran de cristal o de vidrio, y de esa forma desenmascarar a aquellos que querían parecer ricos y con clase de los pura y simplemente arrivistas.
Dejo al lector la opción que más le guste, por mi parte ninguna de las teorías me termina por convencer. Por ello el desafío es a crear una teoría nueva como ser:
4. TEORÍA DE LA GARANTÍA
Al tratarse el cristal de un elemento valioso y escaso, los pocos fabricantes de artículos de este material garantizaban que sus creaciones y productos eran de la mejor naturaleza y durabilidad. En consecuencia, junto con vender y entregar sus productos, garantizaban a sus compradores a mantener en permanente estado de revisión sus productos, y para ello los invitaban a que siempre chocaran sus copas. De esa manera, y como estaban seguros de la perfección de sus productos, garntizaban a sus compradores la durabilidad y fortaleza de los mismos y que en caso de desperfecto responderían por el reemplazo de los mismos. De esa manera, los productores se verían beneficiados por un aumento de sus ingresos por conceptos de ventas, mayor credibilidad en el mercado y singular respeto entre sus pares.
miércoles, 2 de mayo de 2007
Discurso de Steve Jobs en Stanford, Junio 12 de 2005
Text of Steve Jobs' Commencement address (2005)
This is the text of the Commencement address by Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Computer and of Pixar Animation Studios, delivered on June 12, 2005.
I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest I've ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That's it. No big deal. Just three stories.
The first story is about connecting the dots.
I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out?
It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: "We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?" They said: "Of course." My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college.
And 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents' savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn't see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.
It wasn't all romantic. I didn't have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends' rooms, I returned coke bottles for the 5¢ deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example:
Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture, and I found it fascinating.
None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, its likely that no personal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later.
Again, you can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something — your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.
My second story is about love and loss.
I was lucky — I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees. We had just released our finest creation — the Macintosh — a year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our Board of Directors sided with him. So at 30 I was out. And very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.
I really didn't know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down - that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure, and I even thought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me — I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over.
I didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.
During the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I returned to Apple, and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple's current renaissance. And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together.
I'm pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn't been fired from Apple. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith. I'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You've got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking. Don't settle. As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it. Don't settle.
My third story is about death.
When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: "If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right." It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: "If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?" And whenever the answer has been "No" for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something.
Remembering that I'll be dead soon is the most important tool I've ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything — all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure - these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.
About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didn't even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctor's code for prepare to die. It means to try to tell your kids everything you thought you'd have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. It means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes.
I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the surgery and I'm fine now.
This was the closest I've been to facing death, and I hope its the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept:
No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don't want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. It is Life's change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true.
Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma — which is living with the results of other people's thinking. Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.
When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960's, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions.
Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it were the words: "Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish." It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you.
Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.
Thank you all very much.